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Govhar Gaziyeva
Govhar Ahmad qizi Gaziyeva ((アゼルバイジャン語:Gövhər Qazıyeva); 1887, Tiflis, Russian Empire – 1960, Azerbaijan Province, Iran) was an Azeri stage actress who performed under the alias Goyarchin (Azeri for "dove"). Having debuted in 1910, she is considered the first Azeri woman to appear on stage.〔()〕〔L. Baghirzadeh. (О чем молчат реликвии? ). ''Kaspi''. 24 July 2008.〕
==Early life and acting career==
Govhar Gaziyeva was born in Tiflis (present-day capital of Georgia) to a family of intellectuals. She graduated from the Institute of Noble Maidens where she had received education in Russian.〔 According to theatre historian Adila Ismayilova, she was homeschooled by a foster Russian family where her father had placed her.〔Adila Ismayilova. Azerbaijani Women on Stage. Baku: Ishig, 1977.〕 Gaziyeva married at an early age and moved with her husband to Central Russia. Her eldest son Ismayil was born in Voronezh in 1906. A year later, she left her husband and moved back to Tiflis with her child.〔Sabir Ganjali. ''Women, Beauty and Sanctity''. Azerbaijan Publication, Baku, 2001; p. 125.〕
At the turn of the twentieth century, Tiflis was an important centre of cultural development for various peoples of the Caucasus, including for Azeris. Amateur Azeri actors established numerous theatrical troupes, the largest ones being ''Dram jamiyyati'' and ''Saadat'' which Govhar Gaziyeva joined in 1906 playing in minor roles. Her first major performance was that in Najaf bey Vazirov's play ''Fakhraddin's Tragedy'' which was staged on 9 October 1910 at the Georgian Nobility Theatre. In the next few years, she acted in over ten different roles in both Azeri and foreign plays in Tiflis, Baku, Erivan, and Nakhchivan〔 including the role of Gulnaz in Uzeyir Hajibeyov's operetta ''If Not That One, Then This One''. She continued acting despite the fact that the appearance of a Muslim woman unveiled on stage remained a topic of controversy.〔
Gaziyeva performed alongside Huseyngulu Sarabski, Huseyn Arablinski and most notably Mirzaagha Aliyev, whom she married in 1912. Following their wedding, Aliyev insisted that Govhar Gaziyeva put an end to her career as an actress and in the same year, the couple moved to Baku permanently.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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